Lawang Sewu is a landmark in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia.
The name Lawang Sewu is from Javanese; it means "Thousand Doors". The name comes from its design, with numerous doors and arcs.
The complex consists of several buildings, two main ones named A and B and two smaller ones named C and D, on Pemuda Street.The l-shaped A building faces the Tugu Muda roundabout. There are two identical towers on A building, which were originally used to store water, each with a capacity of 7,000 litres (1,800 US gal). The building features large stained-glass windows and a grand staircase in the center.There was also once an underground tunnel connecting A building to several other sites in the city, including the governor's mansion and the harbour.
The B building is located behind A building.It is three stories in height, with the first two floors consisting of offices and the third holding a ballroom.The building, with high, large windows, also has a basement floor that is kept partially flooded to serve to cool the building through evaporation.
In front of A building stands a monument to five employees killed during the Indonesian War of Independence.
Lawang Sewu was designed by C. Citroen, from the firm of J.F. Klinkhamer and B.J. Quendag.Construction began in 1904 with A building, which was completed in 1907.The rest of the complex was finished in 1919. It was initially used by the Nederlandsch Indische Spoorweg Maatschaappij, the national railway of the Dutch East Indies.
After the Japanese invaded Indonesia in 1942, the Japanese army took over Lawang Sewu. The basement of B building was turned into a prison, with several executions taking place there. When Semarang was retaken by the Dutch in the battle of Semarang in October 1945, the Dutch forces used the tunnel leading into A building to sneak into the city. A battle ensued, with numerous Indonesian fighters dying.Five employees working there were also killed.
After the war, the Indonesian army took over the complex. It was later returned to the national railway company.
By 2009 the Lawang Sewu complex was in a state of considerable dilapidation. Simon Marcus Gower, writing in The Jakarta Post, noted it as being "dark and evidently sick. Its white walls are faded throughout; blackened by pollution and neglect. Rendered walls are cracked and any wall paper has long since fallen away to reveal the red bricks beneath. Mould and weeds grow over much of the building and mice and rats are the chief residents."
The building soon underwent renovations to ensure that it would be profitable as a tourist attraction.Governor of Central Java Bibit Waluyo mobilized several dozen soldiers to assist with the renovations; the soldiers focused on external repairs. Local residents were disappointed in the renovations, opining that it had lost its authenticity.
On 5 July 2011 the newly renovated complex was inaugurated by First Lady Ani Yudhoyono. However, at the time only B building was available for tours. It is hoped to be a main attraction in the Central Javan Government's tourism program in 2013.
